ABSTRACT
Background: Good quality sleep is necessary for overall health. Especially medical students are more prone to have sleep difficulties and with this context present study was done to assess the sleep quality among medical undergraduate students.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students of a medical college in Moradabad, during April to May 2019. Assessment of sleep quality was done by means of self-administered questionnaire based on sleep quality scale. Data was analysed with help of SPSSv21 and statistical tests used were Welch t-test, Chi square test and logistic regression analysis.Results: Mean age of all 149 students was 20.99±0.91 years and mean sleep quality score of all students was 37.90±9.73. Overall 29.53% students had poor sleep quality scores. 8.7% students always have difficulty in falling asleep and 32.9% students were rarely satisfied with their sleep. Poor sleep quality has not been found to be significantly associated with age, gender, BMI and level of physical activity.Conclusions: Sleep quality vary considerably among medical students and approximately one third of medical students had poor sleep quality. Sleep quality scale used has been found reliable.
ABSTRACT
Background: Early initiation of breastfeeding defined by World Health Organization as initiation of breastfeeding within one hour of birth, provides new-borns the best chance for survival, growth and development. Yet the rates of early initiation are still low (41.5%), varying widely in different parts of India. Present study was done to find the proportion of early initiation of breastfeeding and associated factors in a rural area.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 73 recently delivered mothers residing in a rural area of Moradabad, who were interviewed using a semi structured questionnaire with early initiation of breastfeeding as outcome variable. For statistical analysis Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used.Results: 61.64% recently delivered mothers responded that they had initiated breastfeeding within one hour of delivery. Early initiation was significantly lower among working mothers as compared to housewives. No significant differences in timely initiation have been found with mother age, religion and type of family. However significant association of early initiation was found between full antenatal care (ANC) and breastfeeding counselling.Conclusions: More than sixty percent mothers initiated breastfeeding within an hour of delivery. Full ANC and breastfeeding counselling can help in improving rates of early initiation.
ABSTRACT
Background: The prevalence of diabetes worldwide is expected to rise to 9.9% by 2045 and with this rising prevalence raises the need for good self-care practices by patients themselves, which play a key role in effective management and prevention of complications.Methods: Present community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 168 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients by interviewing them using a structured questionnaire assessing their self-care practices using summary of diabetes self-care activities (SDSCA) scale. Different domains were diet, exercise, blood glucose monitoring, medication compliance, foot care and smoking and responses were graded according to number of days in previous week a particular self-care activity of a domain was followed. Data analysis was done with help of SPSS version 21.Results: Mean age of diabetic patients in this study subjects was 54.37±13.24 years. 43.45% respondents have poor self-care practice scores. Bivariate analysis showed that self-care practices were significantly poorer among the diabetic patients less than 60 years of age, residing in rural area, either illiterate or studied till primary/intermediate, had diabetes for less than a year and were taking treatment from public health facilities. Poor self-care practices were insignificantly related with gender, marital status, occupation, monthly family income, type of family, food habits, hypertension as comorbidity, family history, BMI and mode of diagnosis. Multivariate analysis indicates that age, education and duration of diabetes are significant predictors for self-care practices.Conclusions: Self-care practices among diabetic patients were poor among 43.45% patients and there is a need for improving them across all assessed domains.